Mustaga Kemal was born in 1881 in Salonika (Thessaloniki), Ottoman Empire. He is known as the father of modern Turkey. He was a military and political leader who transformed Turkey. He changed and modernized Turkey and made it more secular. He had many achievements during that period of time. He was the president for 15 years and he died in 1938. He introduced abroad range of swift and sweeping reforms in the political, social, legal, economic, andcultural spheres - virtually unparalleled in any other country. One thing that he said about the clothing is that instead of the people wearing regular hats they should wear a "fez". That is a hat that does not have a grim so when they pray and kneel down it wont knock off the hat. Secular is pertaining to worldly things or to things that are not regarded as religious, spiritual, or sacred; temporal: secular interests.
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